我们出生是漫游者，我们一直是漫游者，
我们在宇宙海洋岸边徜徉许久，
我们已准备好向其他星球起航——卡尔萨根
We are the species that explores, 我们是喜欢探索的物种
that fashions vessels to carry us into the unknown. 制造大船带我们进入未知
We sailed the planet of our birth, 我们在出生的行星上航行
saw its wonders and made it home. 看到它的奇迹，把它作为家园
And it wasn't enough. 这还不够
We built flying machines 我们建造飞行器
to explore higher,faster,farther. 探索更高更快更远的地方
Heroes flew them beyond what once seemed possible. 英雄把它们飞到几乎不可能的地方
And it wasn't enough. 这还不够
In time,we created special craft 现在我们制造特殊的飞船
that would ferry us to the edge of space and back. 运送我们到达太空边缘并返回
And as always,there were the few-- 一如既往，有少数--
brave and brilliant souls-- 勇敢而辉煌的灵魂--
ready to guide this vessel through dangers 驾驶飞船直面危途
in the name of discovery. 以探索的名义
(indistinct radio communication) （无线通信）
Using the space shuttle, 使用航天飞机
we built an unprecedented outpost in the heavens. 我们在太空建起前所未有的前哨
We learned in the weightless world 在微重力的环境
of the International Space Station, 国际空间站
peered into the dark night of an infinite universe. 凝视无限宇宙的黑夜
And it wasn't enough. 这还不够
Now we are fashioning vessels to set off 现在我们制造飞船出发
on our greatest adventure of exploration ever: 进行我们最伟大的探索和冒险：
to Mars and beyond. 火星和更远空间
太空之旅
翻译：火星学会
Who knew that 30 years would go by so quickly? 谁知道30年时间会如此快速地流逝？
That these unique spacecraft 这些独特的飞船
would leave in their wake 将留下它们
a public captivated 公众为之着迷
by their achievements... 的成就
(applause) （掌声）
...a planet poised at the brink 一个行星，处在边缘
of deep-space exploration. 开始深空探索
(crowd cheering, whistling) （众人欢呼，口哨）
CHRIS FERGUSON: As an astronaut,I definitely felt 作为宇航员，我觉得是在
I was saying good-bye to a long-time friend 和一个老朋友说再见
when the last shuttle landed. 告别最后的航天飞机
(applause) （掌声）
My name is Chris Ferguson. 我是克里斯·弗格森
I was lucky enough to fly on three shuttle missions, 很荣幸执行过三次航天飞机任务
one of them on Endeavor. “奋进”号是其中之一
So it's no surprise that I wanted to be there 所以毫无疑问我要在那里
when she was headed for her new home 当她要去往新家
at the California Science Center in Los Angeles. 洛杉矶的加州科学中心
From the look of it,you might think it took 从表面上看，你可能会认为
as much engineering to get Endeavor 在洛杉矶的街道上让“奋进”号
through the streets of L.A. as launching her into orbit. 顺畅通行和将她送入轨道一样需要众多工程努力
Watching the orbiter squeeze through the city neighborhoods, 看那航天器挤过狭窄的城市社区
you could feel just how much the shuttle had come to stand for, 你能感到航天飞机代表了多少东西
almost as if it had taken all of us into space. 仿佛它把我们都带入太空
(excited chatter) （激动呼喊）
I sure don't want the world to forget 我不想让世界遗忘
this remarkable spacecraft and those who built it, 这非凡的飞船和那些建造它的人
and the legacy they left, 他们留下的传奇
lighting the way toward our next frontier in space. 为我们以后的前沿领域照亮了道路
They're coming. 它们来了
The shuttle was the first 航天飞机是第一个
reusable piloted spacecraft. 可重复使用的驾驶型飞船
And its engineering and software was so bulletproof, 其工程和软件如此精湛
it could be flown by computers 它可以由很差的
less powerful than today's smart phones. 比今天的手机更逊色的电脑控制飞行
Two hundred. 200
One hundred. 100
At 235 miles per hour, 时速235英里
the shuttle had the fastest touchdown speed 航天飞机有着最快的着陆速度
of any flying vehicle ever built. 在历史上所有的飞行器当中
When you glide 220,000 pounds of spacecraft 当你滑翔22万磅重的飞船要
to a no-power landing, the gear hits with a major whom. 进行无动力降落，轮胎受到强烈冲击
(tires screech) （轮胎声）
Touchdown. 着陆
(indistinct radio communication) （模糊的无线电通信）
Conceived in the 1970s 概念起始于1970年代
as a kind of winged delivery truck 作为有翅膀的货运卡车
to build a United States low-Earth-orbit space station... 建造美国的地球低轨道空间站
Give you a payload l.D. of one. 给你载荷l.D.1号
...the shuttle actually flew 航天飞机实际飞行
more than a decade beyond original expectations. 超过预期的寿命10年
It was the shuttle program that allowed us to do 航天飞机项目让我们在太空中
real ongoing work in space, 真正做了些工作
to put delicate equipment into orbit and to retrieve 把精密设备送入轨道，还能
and fix that equipment when things went wrong. 在有故障时找回并维修设备
(engines thundering) （发动机轰鸣）
Orbiters deployed,retrieved and repaired 这些飞船部署、收取和维护
over a hundred scientific and communications satellites. 上百个科学和通讯卫星
And no missions were more important to our understanding 要说什么任务能让我们更了解
of deep space than the five flights, beginning in 1993, 外太空，就数1993年开始的5次飞行
made to repair and upgrade the Hubble Space Telescope. 维修、升级哈勃望远镜的任务
Hubble affirmative. 哈勃确认
You have a go for release. 你可以释放
(cheering, laughing) （欢呼，笑声）
I think history will view the Hubble Space Telescope 我认为历史将把哈勃太空望远镜
as one of the crowning achievements in astronomy. 视为天文学最杰出的成就之一
The Hubble gave us an unprecedented view 哈勃给我们前所未有的视角
of both our closest neighbors 既可以看到我们最近的邻居
and of galaxies unimaginably far from our own. 也可以看到离我们很遥远的星系
Further space telescope investigations have revealed 进一步的太空望远镜研究显示
that the number of Earth-like planets 类似地球的行星的数量
capable of harboring liquid water 可以容纳液态水的存在
is vastly greater than scientists once calculated. 比科学家曾经推测的要大得多
In 1995, the shuttles began 1995年，航天飞机开创了
a new era of international space exploration 国际太空探索的新时代
when Atlantis docked,for the first time, 亚特兰蒂斯号第一次对接了
with the Russian MIR station. 俄罗斯和平号空间站
Eight inches. 8英尺
One-oh-point-oh-seven. 10.07
One-oh-six. 106
Four inches. 4英尺
Now. We have capture. 现在，抓到了
Altogether, 总共，
the orbiters made 11 trips to visit Mir. 航天飞机拜访和平号11次
These missions established a level 这些任务建立了
of international cooperation and expertise 在国际合作和专业知识方面的贡献
that continues to this day. 一直延续到今天
Though MIR no longer orbits Earth, 尽管和平号已经退役
the shuttle proved itself as a brilliant reusable tool 航天飞机证明自己是出色的可重复使用的工具
that allowed us to live,build and do science 让我们可以生活、建造、科研
in the weightless environment of space. 在太空的微重力环境
But the shuttles' truest legacy 但航天飞机最珍贵的遗产
crosses the sky above us every 90 minutes. 在我们的头顶90分钟就绕过一圈
The International Space Station could never have been built 国际空间站根本无法建造成功
without the shuttles' payload and space-walk capabilities. 如果没有航天飞机的载荷和太空行走能力
Space shuttles and Russian Soyuz and Proton rockets 航天飞机、俄罗斯的联盟号、质子号火箭
made more than 40 flights 飞了40多次
to construct the International Space Station-- 去建设国际空间站——
a true engineering miracle. 真正的工程奇迹
All three of my Orbiter missions were to the ISS. 我的三次轨道任务都是去空间站
Modules built by NASA partners in Asia, 美国宇航局和亚洲、欧洲和北美的合作
Europe and North America,came together above Earth, 建造出模块，在地球上空建成一体
over a period of 13 years, 跨过13个年头
to create a floating world 建立一个悬浮的世界
longer than a football field 比足球场还长
and with more living space than a six-bedroom house. 空间比六间卧室的房子更大
A typical ISS mission requires an astronaut 一次典型的ISS任务要求宇航员
to live six months on board. 在空间站待6个月
But some crew members will spend a year 但少数人待够一年
learning even more about the very real physical 研究更多实际的身体变化
and psychological stresses 和心理压力
of long-term separation from Earth. 在长期远离地球的时候
These missions and the 15 nations 这些任务和15个国家
that designed,built and crew the ISS, 设计、建造，并提供工作乘员
forever changed space exploration 把太空探索彻底
into a cooperative international program 变成了国际合作项目
and made a true home and science lab like no other. 成为了独特的居所和科学实验室
J" Wash away my troubles J" 洗去我的烦恼
J" Wash away my pain J" 洗去我的痛苦
♪ With the rain in Shamble... ♪ 在雨中蹒跚前行...
ISS system designs and scientific experiments ISS系统设计与科学实验
have spawned a multitude of Earth-useful discoveries, 产生了许多对地球有用的发现，
including breakthroughs 包括水净化
in water purification and robotic microsurgery. 和机器人显微外科的突破
But most important, 但是最重要的是
the ISS is our springboard to the future, ISS是我们通往未来的跳板
giving us the knowledge and confidence 给我们知识和信心
to sustain human life as we explore deep space. 在我们探索深空时维持人类的生命
J" Everyone is helpful J" 每个人都有贡献
J" Everyone is kind... J" 每个人都很友善...
Life on ISS is all about getting the job done 生活在ISS是为了完成工作
and having a little fun. 也享受小小乐趣
J" Everyone is lucky J" 每个人都很幸运
J" Everyone is so kind J" 每个人都很友善
J" On the road to Shamble... J" 在路上蹒跚前行...
And nationality is mostly 国籍差别主要是
about tasting each other's food. 品尝彼此的食物
J" Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah J" 耶，耶，耶，耶，耶
J" Ah, ooh, ooh, ooh J" 啊，哦，哦，哦
J" Ooh, ooh, ooh, yeah J" 哦，哦，哦，耶
J" Yeah, yeah,yeah, yeah, yeah... J" 耶，耶，耶，耶，耶
Through three decades of camaraderie and dedication, 通过三十年的团结共事和勇于奉献
355 people rode the shuttle into history. 355人乘坐航天飞机成为历史
They circled the Earth 21,000 times, 他们绕地球21000圈
and it all came to seem routine... 一切好像要持续下去
until it wasn't. 直到确认不会
...one minute, 15 seconds. 1分钟15秒
Velocity 2,900 feet per second. 速度每秒2900英尺
Altitude nine nautical miles. 高度9海里
Downrange distance seven nautical miles. 距离发射场的水平距离7海里
This shuttle mission will launch... 这次航天飞机任务将发射...
My God! 天哪！
There's been an explosion. 那里发生了爆炸
Flight controllers here 任务控制人员
looking very carefully at the situation. 正在认真分析研判形势
Obviously a major malfunction. 显然是有重大的故障
In two accidents that stunned the world, 在两起震惊世界的事故中，
we lost 14 astronauts. 我们失去了14位宇航员
It was a sobering reminder that every space flight 它提醒我们，每一次太空飞行
is charged with potential danger. 都潜藏着风险
They had a hunger to explore the universe 他们渴望探索宇宙
and discover its truths. 追求真理
They wished to serve,and they did. 他们选择奉献，他们做到了
They were pioneers. 他们是开拓者
The future doesn't belong to the fainthearted. 未来不属于懦夫
It belongs to the brave. 未来属于勇敢的人
The world mourned,but pushed on, 全世界都在哀悼，但继续前行，
because the accomplishments of the space shuttle 因为航天飞机的成就
and the International Space Station 还有国际空间站
were full of life-changing promise. 充满了改变生活的诺言
In memory of our lost heroes,the global space community 为了纪念我们失去的英雄，全球航天界
pulled together to reignite the future of both programs. 齐心协力，重新点燃了这两个项目的未来
Who could ask for a better ending to my career 谁还能遇到像我这样的压轴任务
as an astronaut than getting to fly 作为宇航员，驾驶
the last shuttle mission on Atlantis, 最后一次的亚特兰蒂斯航天飞机，
and a final visit to the ISS. 最后一次拜访ISS
(crowd cheering, applauding) （欢呼、鼓掌）
Atlantis launch director,air to ground one. （亚特兰蒂斯发射主管，向1号发射场发令）
Atlantis go. 亚特兰蒂斯就绪
And so, for the final time,Fergie, Doug, 最后一次，菲姬，道格，
Sandy and Rex,good luck, Godspeed, 桑迪和雷克斯，祝你们好运，上帝保佑，
and have a little fun up there. 在上面玩得开心
We're not ending the journey today, Mike, 我们今天不会结束旅程，迈克，
we're completing a chapter of a journey that will never end. 我们正在完成一段永远不会结束的旅程
You and the thousands of men and women 你和成千上万的男人和女人
who gave their hearts,souls and their lives 他们献出了自己的心、灵魂和生命
for the cause of exploration,have rewritten history. 为了探索事业，改写了历史
Let's light this fire one more time, Mike. 我们再一次点火，迈克
(engines thundering) （发动机轰鸣）
Though the shuttles no longer fly, 尽管航天飞机已经不再飞了
I never miss a chance to see Atlantis 我还是常去看看亚特兰蒂斯号
at the Kennedy Space Center. 在肯尼迪航天中心
But I came to KS to get a look at the next big step 但我来肯尼迪是看深空探索
in deep-space exploration,and it's called Orion. 的下一步，称为“猎户座”
Here, in the giant operations and checkout clean room, 在这个巨大的净化操作室里，
the new Orion mulch-purposed crew vehicle 新的猎户座多用途飞船
is coming together. 正在建造
What an impressive vehicle. 让人印象深刻的飞船
Look at that--it's beautiful. 看看那个--真美
(technicians conversing indistinctly) （技术人员模糊的交谈）
It's gorgeous.I'd love to climb in there. 太迷人了。我很想爬进去
Orion is a true deep-space exploration craft, 猎户座是一艘真正的深空探测飞船，
designed to carry astronauts of the future 设计用来运载未来的宇航员
back to the moon,to asteroids, and even to Mars. 回到月球，去小行星，甚至火星
I've always been drawn to explore 我总是被吸引去探索
and try new experiences. 尝试新的体验
Maybe that's why I applied to be an astronaut. 也许这就是我申请成为宇航员的原因
I'm Serena Au non, 我是瑟琳娜·奥农，
and I am one of the newer group of astronauts 我是最新的宇航员之一
chosen by NASA. 通过NASA的筛选
Like the rest of my class,I'm absolutely honored 和班上其他人一样，我感到非常荣幸
and humbled to be here, and it's great to be a part of this team. 和谦卑能来到这里，能成为团队的一员太好了
(applause) （掌声）
I guess you could say I'm one 我想你可以说我是
of those people for whom the future has always seemed 那种人，未来似乎总是一场场
an unfolding adventure. 不断展开的冒险
So you can go forward and backwards in the procedure 在过程中你可以前进和后退
just by using this toggle switch over here. 用这里的拨动开关
Yes, that, exactly. 好的，确认
Learning from astronauts, 向宇航员学习
like Lee Morin, who have already spent weeks in space, 比如李·莫林，他在太空中度过了好些周
gives you a great sense of confidence. 给你很大的信心
The Orion mock-up provides astronauts in training, 猎户座模型为宇航员提供训练，
like Serena, a chance to learn flight procedures, 像是瑟琳娜，学习飞行操控程序
and also give feedback to perfect new systems. 也反馈来完善新的系统
This should be a piece of cake for Serena, 对瑟琳娜来说这很简单
since my shuttle's ten screens 我的航天飞机有10块屏幕
and more than a thousand switches 超过1000个开关
have been streamlined to just three screens 而猎户座精简到了3块屏幕
and 60 switches on Orion. 和60个开关
Hey, Lee, you can open the helium cross-feed valve. 嘿，李，你可以打开氦交叉供给阀
Okay, we got that, so go ahead and send that command 好的，我们明白了。所以继续，
on the helium cross-feed valve. 在氦交叉供给阀上发出指令
All right, copy that. 好的，收到
And the shuttle's hundred pounds 航天飞机的数百磅重的
of flight manuals and checklists have been reduced to... 飞行手册和检查单已减少到...
well... zero, since Orion's are all on computer. 0，猎户座完全是计算机控制
Stand by,and we'll evaluate. 等一下，我们要评估
But even with all these improvements, 但即使所有这样的改进，
to get Orion into deep space, 把猎户座送入外太空，
we're gonna need a bigger rocket. 我们需要更大的火箭
When NASA's giant space launch system, 当NASA的太空发射系统
built by Boeing, is complete, 由波音建造完成时，
the rocket will stand as tall as a 38-story building 火箭将高达38层楼那么高
and make more than nine million pounds of thrust, 产生超过九百万磅的推力，
enough to lift 22 elephants into space. 足够把22头大象送入太空
For deep-space expeditions, 对于深空探险，
the SLS will need to lift five key mission components 太空发射系统要把五项重点任务送达
beyond low-Earth orbit. 超越地球低轨道
Since Orion is too cramped 因为猎户座太小了
for a six-month journey to Mars, 不够去火星的6个月旅程
one solution being developed is an inflatable habitat 一个正在开发的解决方案是充气的舱室
to house the crew en route. 在途中安置船员
A solar electric propulsion device will provide 太阳能电力推进装置将为往返行程
continuous power for the round-trip journey. 提供持续的动力
A lander craft will carry the crew from their orbit above Mars 一艘登陆器将把宇航员从火星的轨道上
down to the planet's surface. 运送到火星的表面
Months later, an ascent vehicle 几个月以后，小飞船
will lift the crew back up to the orbiting Orion 把乘员送回轨道上的猎户座
for the return trip to Earth. 然后返回地球
But even using the most sophisticated 但即使使用最先进的
future spacecraft,a two-and-a-half year 未来航天器，2年半的
round-trip journey to Mars 往返火星的旅程
will present new challenges to the human body. 对人体提出新的挑战
I wanted to thank the Indiana State Museum for having me here. 我要感谢印第安纳州博物馆邀请我
It is an absolute pleasure. 非常高兴能来
As a medical doctor with a specialty in aerospace medicine, 作为航天医学特长的医学博士
I am particularly interested in keeping astronauts healthy 我特别感兴趣的是保持宇航员的健康
as we head into deep space for long periods of time. 在我们长时间进入深空时
Our experience with more extended weightlessness 我们在长期失重状态下的经验
on the ISS has shown us that the human body will face challenges 在国际空间站上进行研究，表明人体将面临挑战
during lengthy journeys to deep space. 在前往深空的漫长旅程
Key issues are muscle and bone loss, 主要的问题是肌肉萎缩和骨质疏松
which can start after just a few days of weightlessness, 在失重几天后就开始了，
along with degrading of vision for some astronauts. 以及一些宇航员出现视力下降
We now know that exercise is the antidote 我们现在知道运动是解决
for most problems caused by weightlessness. 大多数失重问题的解药
And I mean exercise-- 我是说锻炼--
about two hours a day. 每天2个小时
But, even so,the first explorers to Mars 但是，即便如此，第一批火星探险家
will need to rest at least a few days 着陆后需要休息几天
after landing on the planet to readjust to walking, 才能重新适应行走，
though Mars has less than 40% of Earth's gravity. 尽管火星重力低于地球重力的40%
Radiation is another risk in deep space. 辐射是深空的另一种危险
Radiation from our sun's solar storms 太阳风暴的辐射
is one source of danger. 是一个风险源
But cosmic radiation, which permeates all of deep space, 还有宇宙辐射，遍布整个深空，
is another ever-present challenge to human health. 是另一个对人类健康的威胁
Sections of Orion,as well as the transit habitat, 猎户座的部件，以及运载舱室，
will have to serve as a shelter 将扮演庇护所的角色
in the case of a major solar flare. 在遇到太阳风暴的情况下
In the Arizona desert, 在亚利桑那沙漠，
an Orion mock-up is being drop-tested 猎户座模型正在进行落地测试
to evaluate reentry systems. 来评估再入系统
On returning from deep space, 从深空返回的时候
Orion will enter our atmosphere 猎户座将进入地球大气层
more than 50% faster 超过50%以上的速度
than shuttles or Soyuz capsules, 相对于航天飞机或联盟号太空舱，
and generate five times more heat, 产生5倍的热量
so perfecting her parachute deployment 所以完善她的降落伞部署
and heat shield is key to crew survival. 和隔热罩是机组乘员生存的关键
At the Kennedy Space Center,Orion is being prepped 在肯尼迪航天中心，猎户座正在准备
for an unscrewed test flight into deep space. 进行一次未载人的外太空试飞
This new vessel marks the first step in over 40 years 这艘新飞船标志着40多年来的第一步
to put humans beyond low Earth orbit. 让人类超越地球低轨道
A journey to Mars is on the horizon 火星之旅即将到来
because of wide-ranging international efforts 因为广泛的国际努力
by both governments and private enterprise. 包括政府和私人企业
Companies from Boeing and Lockheed 从波音公司和洛克希德公司
to newcomers like Space X, Sierra Nevada 到新企业SpaceX公司、内华达山脉公司
and Orbital Sciences 还有轨道科学公司
are developing spacecraft 正在研制宇宙飞船
to service the ISS and beyond. 为国际空间站和其他用途服务
Some private groups foresee a technically simpler 一些私人团体计划了
one-way mission to colonize Mars. 技术上更简单的单程火星殖民任务
Already thousands have volunteered 已经有数千人志愿
to live permanently on the Red Planet. 报名去火星永久居住
The demands of going to deep space 进入深空的要求
will push old designs to new limits. 将把旧设计推到新极限
- Looks good.- Looks good. Hey. -看起来不错。-看起来不错
- New glove. Should be good.- Sounds good. -新手套。应该不错。-不错
My name is Lindsey Hutchinson 我叫林赛·哈钦森
and I am a spacesuit project engineer 是一名宇航服项目工程师
at NASA Johnson Space Center. 在宇航局约翰逊航天中心工作
I first started thinking about space flight 我第一次向往太空飞行
when I was four years old,when I first came to DISC 是在4岁，当我第一次到约翰逊航天中心（JSC）
to take a tour at the visitor's center. 参观游客中心时
We have pictures of me just sitting inside this spacesuit, 拍了我坐在太空服里的照片，
and I just knew that's what I wanted to do. 我就知道这是我想做的事情
No, dad-gum it. 不，该死的
When the Apollo suits were first done, 阿波罗宇航服刚完成的时候
those were very short-duration EVAs. 太空行走（EVA）的时间很短
We didn't have a lot of mobility in that suit, 那件宇航服的灵活性不怎么样
so when you see those astronauts hopping around 所以你看那些宇航员在月球上
on the lunar surface,it's not because they themselves 跳跃前进，不是因为他们
are clumsy or that the gravity is just impossible to deal with. 很笨拙或者无法应对月球的重力
We didn't give them enough mobility in the suits. 我们只是没有给他们足够灵活的宇航服
So we learned a lot from that. 我们从中学到很多
For the next generation suit, 对下一代宇航服
there's still a lot that we don't know 我们仍然了解的不够
about what it's going to be like to live 在火星上将怎样每天
and work on Mars every day. 生活工作的情况
Once there,you'd be doing EVA, 一旦到那里，你会进行EVA，
walking outside on the planet about every other day. 每隔一天就走出去到外面的星球上
Once we have the hardware in-house, we become the experts 一旦我们有了硬件，我们就成了专家
of how that hardware works,what it does, 硬件的工作原理和功能
and how it meets the needs 如何满足任务需求
for our next phase of our mission design. 应对下一阶段的任务设计
(air hissing) （空气嘶嘶声）
We actually get into the suits,because the best way 我们穿上宇航服，因为最好的办法
to understand how a spacesuit moves 了解宇航服如何动作
is to be inside of it and work it yourself. 就是穿好它然后自己实践
I'll be asking Richard to perform specific tasks. 我会让理查德执行特定的任务
And what I'm looking at is:What is his gait like? 我看到的是：他的步态是什么样的？
And so I'm watching how the bearings in the hip move 所以我在观察臀部是如何移动的
and how the bearings in the waist move. 以及腰部如何运动的
And by comparing natural body motion to suited body motion 通过比较自然的身体运动和穿宇航服的身体运动
we can start to tweak the design of the suit 我们再调整这套宇航服的设计
to make it more natural. 让它更自然
So that's what we're focusing on for exploration-- 所以这就是我们研究的重点--
is how do you walk, how do you bend, how do you kneel, 你怎么走路，怎么弯腰，怎么下跪，
how do you do all those geology-type tasks? 你怎么完成地质研究的工作？
So, one of the big problems they had in Apollo 他们在阿波罗号上遇到的一个大问题
was all of that dust on the lunar surface. 就是月球表面的灰尘
It stuck to everything. 它粘得到处都是
When the guys would come back inside of the lunar module 他们什么时候回到登月舱里
at the end of their EVAs,taking off their suits, 在他们结束EVA的时候，脱下他们的宇航服，
there was dirt everywhere--there was dirt on themselves. 到处都是土--身上也粘了土
It was just gross, right? 太讨厌了，对吧？
And that dirt is actually pretty harmful-- the lunar dirt-- 而那些土实际上是相当有害的--月球上的尘土--
specifically, to breathe in for long periods of time, 确切来说，长期吸入这种尘土，
so, long-duration missions,we wouldn't want to 所以，长期任务，我们不想
bring that dirt inside with us all the time. 把那些尘土带进舱室
All right, Richard.Nice job. 好的，理查德。干得好
Time to come on in. 是时候进来了
So one of the key concepts we're looking at 所以我们要研究的概念
for lunar and even Martian missions 对月球甚至是火星任务
is using what we call a suit port. 我们称之为宇航服舱
The idea of a suit port is that you have this plate 宇航服舱的概念是你有这个外板
that becomes your pressure seal between the vehicle 成为探索车和你的宇航服之间的
and your suit, so when you're not using the suit, 压力密封，当你不需要宇航服的时候，
it stays outside the entire time. 它就待在探索车的外面
It is physically attached to the vehicle 物理上它连接在探索车上
so you can come in and out of your space suit 你可以方便穿脱宇航服
without ever having to physically 不再需要穿过
go into an air lock like we do today. 我们现在用的气闸舱
Welcome home, Richard.How'd the suit feel? 欢迎回家，理查德。这套衣服感觉如何？
Feels good. 感觉很好
Outstanding.Strong work out there. 很好，外面工作强度不小
Driving a space exploration vehicle on dry land 在地面上驾驶太空探索车
is great training for deep-space missions of the future. 是未来深空任务的重要训练
But driving a mini-sub was even more exacting. 但驾驶迷你潜水艇的要求更为苛刻
No, there are no liquid oceans on Mars, 不，火星上没有液态海洋，
but before setting out for the Red Planet, 但是在去火星之前，
astronauts may make test missions to nearby asteroids. 宇航员可能对附近的小行星执行试验任务
A mini-sub resembles the kind of craft 小型潜艇类似于飞行器
we will use to explore asteroids, 我们将用来探索小行星，
and the ocean matches the zero gravity of space. 海洋中就像太空的微重力环境
This NEEMO 16 mission marks 这个NEEMO16任务标示
the 16th time NASA has trained at the Aquarius lab, 宇航局在水下实验室的第16次培训
which is anchored 60 feet underwater, 固定在水下60英尺
off Key Largo in Florida. 在佛罗里达州的拉戈岛旁边
NASA aquanauts live in the lab for up to two weeks 美国宇航局的宇航员在实验室里住两个星期
without coming to the surface. 而不用浮出水面
This allows us to work the entire day 这让我们可以整天工作
and only decompress once 只减压一次
at the end of the mission. 在任务结束的时候
Any mistakes here can have real consequences, 这里的任何错误都会有真正的后果，
exactly as in deep,inhospitable space. 就像在荒凉的太空里一样
Since asteroids appear to have changed very little 小行星变化很小
since they first formed, 自从它们形成以来，
they could tell us a lot about our early solar system. 它们可以告诉我们很多关于早期太阳系的情况
Ultimately, we may develop space tools to capture 最终，我们可能会开发太空工具来捕获
and reposition a small asteroid to orbit our moon. 并重新定位一颗小行星环绕月球运行
This would allow for easier study, 这样可以更容易地研究，
and also develop our ability to deflect a larger asteroid 同时也发展了我们偏转更大小行星的能力
that was on a collision course with Earth. 有可能与地球碰撞的小行星
This Olympus inflatable habitat, 这个奥林匹斯充气舱，
designed by Billow Aerospace, 由Billow航空航天公司设计，
is a look at the future of living in space. 致力于未来的太空生存
Jay, this is amazing.How big is that? 杰，太棒了。这有多大？
Thanks.Yeah, it's really big. 谢谢，是的，很大
It's about 2,250 cubic meters interior volume, which is 大约2250立方米的容积
a little over twice the size of the International Space Station. 略高于国际空间站的两倍大
And it looks like it's, like,40 feet tall or something'. 它看起来有40英尺高
Yeah, it's probably 45 or 50.It's really big. 是的，可能45或50，这非常大
Once you get into space,you just inflate it with air? 当进入太空的时候，就把它吹起来？
Right, we bring up huge compressed air tanks 是的，我们带了巨大的压缩空气罐
that bring up large volumes of air. 装了大量的气体
This expands out so the inside is about 16 meters in diameter, 展开以后内部直径大约是16米，
and the outside's a lot bigger than that. 外部比这个大得多
It's surprising that an inflatable habitat 令人惊讶的是一个充气舱
can protect its crew against micrometeorites and radiation, 可以保护它的乘员免受微陨石和辐射的侵害，
but that's what tests have shown. 但这就是测试的结果
The immense volume of Olympus 奥林匹斯的巨大容积
will provide ample work areas 提供了充足的工作区
as well as living space to help maintain crew morale. 和居住空间，维持乘员的士气
Supply craft to provide food, fuel, 补给飞船提供食物，燃料，
and radiation-protective living space will be landed on Mars 防辐射生活空间，这些需要先登陆火星
well before the first human expedition is launched. 在第一次人类探险开始之前
We don't know exactly what all the spacecraft will look like, 我们不知道所有的飞船会是什么样子，
but concepts are under active development. 但概念正在积极发展中
Our infatuation with space exploration 我们对太空探索的迷恋
is as limitless as space itself. 像太空一样无限
Without the shuttle,there would be 没有航天飞机，就没有
no International Space Station, 国际空间站
the vital test bed for a future human expedition to Mars. 未来人类火星探险的重要试验站
And that mission is closer than you might imagine. 火星任务比你想象的要近
NASA projects we will get to Mars in the 2030s. 美国宇航局计划将在20世纪30年代到达火星
In other words,within the career 换句话说，在今天那些年轻
of today's young astronauts. 宇航员的职业生涯中
So any of these movies that you see where people survive 所以你看到这些电影，里面人们活
even for 20 seconds... 短短20秒...
Why go to Mars? 为什么去火星？
Why not just send more and more sophisticated robotic vehicles? 为什么不派越来越先进的机器人呢？
I think to explore beyond what is known 我想去探索未知的事物
is simply at the core of our DNA. 就刻在我们的DNA里
And only a human mission can tell us definitively 只有载人任务才能明确地告诉我们
if we can survive and establish future settlements on Mars. 我们是否能在火星上生存并建立未来的定居点
Astronauts exploring the planet may notice 探索火星的宇航员可能会注意到
and learn things robots could not, 并学到机器人所不能发现的东西，
things that could help take us 有助于我们超越
to the next frontiers beyond Mars. 火星之外的下一个边界
Every 26 months,there is an optimal window 每26个月，就有一个任务窗口
for launching spacecraft to Mars. 发射飞船去火星
But even using the planets'orbits to shorten distance 但即使利用行星的轨道来缩短距离
and increase speed, with currently planned propulsion, 提高速度，以目前的推进力
the trip to and from Mars will take six months... 去火星或返回，都需要6个月...
each way. 仅仅单程
(engines thundering) （发动机轰鸣）
Someday, even more exotic plasma or fusion propulsion 总有一天，更奇特的等离子或核能推进
could shorten the journey. 可以缩短旅程
But the first explorers to Mars will not have that luxury. 但是第一批到火星的探险家不会有这样的奢侈
Orion can transport up to six passengers, 猎户座最多可以搭载6名乘员
but for a first trip to Mars, 但是第一次去火星
it would likely carry no more than four. 它最多搭载4名
While going to and from the Red Planet, 去火星和从火星返回
Orion and the inflatable habitat 猎户座和可充气舱室
will be the astronauts' life support home for flight control, 将成为宇航员生命保障的居所，进行飞行控制，
science, and that all-important physical exercise. 科学研究和至关重要的体育锻炼
(engines rumbling) （发动机轰鸣）
Going to Mars-- 去火星--
getting there, working there,coming back-- 到达，工作，返回--
will take nearly three years. 将花掉3年时间
I wonder how that will feel, 我不知道那会是什么感觉，
to be away from home and friends and family for so long. 离开家、朋友和家人这么久
There is no 911 in space. 太空中没有911求救电话
When Orion nears Mars,the spacecraft is two years away 当猎户座接近火星时，飞船有两年时间
from any possibility of help from Earth. 才可能得到地球上的救援
Even radio communications will take 40 minutes 就算通信也需要40分钟
to send and receive, 信号才能往返
so any equipment failures or other emergencies 所以任何设备故障或其他紧急情况
must be solved by the crew alone. 都必须由机组单独解决
Nearly four decades of robotic exploration on Mars 近四十年的火星机器人探索
has blazed a path for humans to follow... 为人类开辟了一条道路...
...craft like Pathfinder and Curiosity. ...像探路者和好奇号这样的飞船
Maybe I'll get to kick the dust off their tires. 也许我可以踢掉它们轮子上的灰尘
Though it will be incredibly exciting to land on Mars, 虽然登陆火星会令人非常兴奋，
our ongoing training in sophisticated simulator labs 我们在复杂模拟实验室的持续培训
means it won't feel entirely unfamiliar when we get there. 意味着我们到达那里时不会感到完全陌生
Later explorers to Mars might travel hundreds of kilometers 到火星的探险家可能要走几百公里
to mine their own water and hydrogen 采集他们所需的水和氢
to make fuel for their return to Earth. 制造燃料来返回地球
But first visitors will have their hands full 但来访者首先会忙得不可开交
making the discoveries that only a human mission can accomplish. 去发现只有人类才能完成的任务
I don't know if I'll ever get to walk and work on Mars, 我不知道我是否会在火星上行走和工作，
but I may already know some of those who will. 但我可能已经认识一些人了
Someone who dreams of it, 一些对此梦寐以求的人，
just like me. 就像我一样
(engines thundering) （发动机轰鸣）
Humankind has forever been drawn toward the unknown, 人类永远被吸引到未知的世界，
by the simple innate conviction 这是天生的内在信念
that, to see the long-hidden side of the mountain, 探索隐藏已久的山峦背后，
to brush the infinite depth of the sea, might reveal 追寻那无限深邃的大海，也许会发现
where we come from and who we are. 我们来自何方，我们是谁
When humans do touch and explore Mars, 当人类登上和探索火星时，
it will be among the greatest achievements in history. 这将是历史上最伟大的成就之一
But even that won't be enough. 但即使这样还不够
We are the species that explores. 我们是探索的物种
We will fashion new vessels 我们将制造新飞船
to carry us still deeper into space, 载着我们进入更深远的太空
venturing from our life-giving home 从我们的生命发源地出发
to uncover the secrets of the cosmos 揭开宇宙的奥秘
and our own unimagined possibilities. 以及我们想象不到的无限可能
(music ends) （结束音乐）